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datetime="2025-02-02T12:21:12.838Z" title="更新于 2025-02-02 20:21:12">2025-02-02</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE/">个人项目</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">总字数:</span><span class="word-count">1.7k</span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="far fa-clock fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读时长:</span><span>5分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title=""><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">浏览量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="container post-content" id="article-container"><blockquote>
<p>前言：</p>
<p>期末周图书馆座位总是供不应求，每天早上七点开始预约，不到十分钟位置就被抢光。对于我们这些爱睡懒觉的人来说，简直是噩梦！而恰好这学期我正在学习计算机网络课程，何不趁机动手写一个自动预约程序，解决这个问题呢？于是这篇博客应运而生。</p>
<p>免责声明：</p>
<p>本博客仅供计算机网络爱好者学习交流使用，请勿用于非法用途！</p>
</blockquote>
<p>目录</p>
<p><a href="#%E4%B8%80%E3%80%81%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90">一、需求分析</a></p>
<p><a href="#%E4%BA%8C%E3%80%81%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87">二、开发工具准备</a></p>
<p><a href="#%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0">三、功能实现</a></p>
<h3 id="一、需求分析"><a href="#一、需求分析" class="headerlink" title="一、需求分析"></a>一、需求分析</h3><blockquote>
<p>我们的目标很明确，那就是使用自动化脚本实现图书馆座位的预约。我所在的学校由于只能通过微信公众号来进行预约，所以相较于能够直接在网站上预约的学校来说，数据抓包相对复杂一点，所以才会用到 fidder，不然直接浏览器 F12 就可以直接看数据包了。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>让我们来分析一下要干些什么事情：</p>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>使用电脑登陆微信，进入公众号模拟预约</li>
<li>使用 fidder 对刚才的操作进行抓包</li>
<li>对数据包经行分析，提取出对应的用户登录数据以及座位预约信息</li>
<li>使用 Python 的 requests 库模拟用户向图书馆服务器发送预约请求</li>
<li>编辑定时器固定在早上 7 点执行程序</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="二、开发工具准备"><a href="#二、开发工具准备" class="headerlink" title="二、开发工具准备"></a>二、开发工具准备</h3><blockquote>
<p>明确了需求，下面来准备开发工具。</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="1、首先先安装好-Python"><a href="#1、首先先安装好-Python" class="headerlink" title="1、首先先安装好 Python"></a>1、首先先安装好 Python</h4><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.python.org/download/">http://www.python.org/download/</a></p>
<p>安装步骤其他博客已经讲的非常详细了，这里就不多说了</p>
<h4 id="2、然后介绍一下-Python-requests-库："><a href="#2、然后介绍一下-Python-requests-库：" class="headerlink" title="2、然后介绍一下 Python requests 库："></a>2、然后介绍一下 Python requests 库：</h4><blockquote>
<p>requests 是一个非常流行且易于使用的 Python 库，用于发送 HTTP 请求并与 Web 服务器进行交互。它简化了 HTTP 请求的工作流程，提供了简单的接口来进行常见的 HTTP 操作，例如 GET、POST、PUT、DELETE 等。</p>
<p>这次主要是用到了 post 函数向服务器发送预约请求，将 url、headers、data 这三个数据解析好之后就通过 requests.post 发送。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>我这里用的是 VScode 进行开发，只需要在终端输入如下命令，即可完成 requests 库的安装：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip3 install requests</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后在命令行可通过导入 import 库来测试 requests 是否安装成功：</p>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_1f98df1b.png" alt="pic_1f98df1b.png"></p>
<p>这样就算是装好了</p>
<h4 id="3、下面介绍这次的关键抓包工具-fidder"><a href="#3、下面介绍这次的关键抓包工具-fidder" class="headerlink" title="3、下面介绍这次的关键抓包工具 fidder"></a>3、下面介绍这次的关键抓包工具 fidder</h4><blockquote>
<p>Fiddler 是最常用的 Web 调试工具之一。对于开发来说，前端可以通过 Fiddler 代理来调试 JS、CSS、HTML 样式。后端可以通过 Fiddler 查看请求和相应，定位问题。对于测试来说，可以通过抓包方式修改前端请求参数和模拟后端返回，快速定位缺陷。总之，不管是开发还是测试，Fiddler 都是一款工作中不可或缺的辅助利器。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>官网：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.telerik.com/fiddler">https://www.telerik.com/fiddler</a></p>
<p>安装过程就是无脑下一步就行了，装好后点击 <code>Fiddler.exe</code> 运行：</p>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_704efb9d.png" alt="pic_704efb9d.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>看上去有点复杂，不过不要慌，我们只需要会用基本的功能就可以了</p>
</blockquote>
<p>下面来配置 fidder：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>启用 HTTPS 解密</p>
<ol>
<li><p>在 Fiddler 菜单中，点击 <code>Tools &gt; Options</code>。</p>
</li>
<li><p>选择 <code>HTTPS</code> 标签页，勾选：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>Capture HTTPS CONNECTs</code></li>
<li><code>Decrypt HTTPS traffic</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>点击 <code>Actions &gt; Trust Root Certificate</code>，安装 Fiddler 的证书。</p>
</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_464cb2c6.png" alt="pic_464cb2c6.png"></p>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_25ea9037.png" alt="pic_25ea9037.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>设置抓包范围</p>
<ol>
<li>选择 <code>Tools &gt; Options &gt; Connections</code>。</li>
<li>确保 <code>Allow remote computers to connect</code> 已勾选。</li>
<li>记下 Fiddler 的监听端口（默认是 8888）。</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_dfdc7fd3.png" alt="pic_dfdc7fd3.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>配置系统代理</p>
<p>抓取电脑端微信的流量，需要将微信的数据流经 Fiddler。</p>
<p>在 Windows 系统设置代理</p>
<ol>
<li><p>打开设置 -&gt; 网络和 Internet -&gt; 代理</p>
</li>
<li><p>启用 使用代理服务器，并填写代理地址</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>地址： 127.0.0.1</p>
<p>端口： 8888（与 fidder 配置一致）</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_26713077.png" alt="pic_26713077.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>到这里，fidder 就已经能够对微信的数据流进行监听了！</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="三、功能实现"><a href="#三、功能实现" class="headerlink" title="三、功能实现"></a>三、功能实现</h3><blockquote>
<p>现在工具都准备好了，我们马上开干！</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="1、执行预约流程并分析抓包数据"><a href="#1、执行预约流程并分析抓包数据" class="headerlink" title="1、执行预约流程并分析抓包数据"></a>1、执行预约流程并分析抓包数据</h4><blockquote>
<p>（1）打开微信客户端：</p>
<p>检查 fidder 中数据流是否检查到微信。</p>
<p>（2）进入预约界面：</p>
<p>打开图书馆预约系统，执行预约操作（选择座位、时间）然后提交表单。</p>
<p>（3）监控 fidder：</p>
<p>点击左侧的对应网络请求</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_c60379ff.png" alt="pic_c60379ff.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>然后点击 Inspectors 查看数据包，再点击 Row 将整个请求显示为纯文本：</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_b1b01776.png" alt="pic_b1b01776.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>然后查看具体响应内容：</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_cccc60d1.png" alt="pic_cccc60d1.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>以下内容需要重点关注：</p>
<ul>
<li>目标 URL</li>
<li>Cookies</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>其中 URL 指明了目标访问地址 ，Cookies 中包含了你的用户身份信息，以及你的选座信息。</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="2、模拟请求"><a href="#2、模拟请求" class="headerlink" title="2、模拟请求"></a>2、模拟请求</h4><blockquote>
<p>新建一个.py 文件，引入 requests 然后将数据复制过来</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># URL 地址</span></span><br><span class="line">url = <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 请求头，从 Raw 中提取</span></span><br><span class="line">headers = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Host&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Connection&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Accept&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;X-Requested-With&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;User-Agent&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Content-Type&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Origin&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Sec-Fetch-Site&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Sec-Fetch-Mode&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Sec-Fetch-Dest&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Referer&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Accept-Encoding&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Accept-Language&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;Cookie&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 表单数据模板</span></span><br><span class="line">data_template = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;code&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;data_type&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;seatdate&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;seatno&quot;</span>：<span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;seatname&quot;</span>:<span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">&quot;datetime&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<blockquote>
<p>发送 POST 请求</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<blockquote>
<p>然后运行程序，如果看到输出状态码为 200，就表明成功与服务器交换数据，然后根据返回信息查看是否预约成功。这里推荐使用日志记录一下，这样调试起来也更方便。</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> logging</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 设置日志记录</span></span><br><span class="line">logging.basicConfig(</span><br><span class="line">    filename=<span class="string">&quot; &quot;</span>,  <span class="comment"># 设置日志文件路径</span></span><br><span class="line">    level=logging.INFO,  <span class="comment"># 日志等级</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">format</span>=<span class="string">&quot;%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s&quot;</span>,  <span class="comment"># 日志格式</span></span><br><span class="line">    filemode=<span class="string">&#x27;a&#x27;</span>,  <span class="comment"># 追加写入模式</span></span><br><span class="line">    encoding=<span class="string">&#x27;utf-8&#x27;</span>  <span class="comment"># 设置编码格式为utf-8</span></span><br><span class="line">)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 记录响应信息</span></span><br><span class="line">    logging.info(<span class="string">f&quot;状态码: <span class="subst">&#123;response.status_code&#125;</span>&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    logging.info(<span class="string">f&quot;响应内容: <span class="subst">&#123;response.text&#125;</span>&quot;</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<blockquote>
<p>如果响应数据没问题，那就成功了！下一步就是设置一个定时任务让这个程序在每天早上 7 点准时执行。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_57297dcf.png" alt="pic_57297dcf.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>打开任务计划程序，创建定时任务</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_685cedde.png" alt="pic_685cedde.png"></p>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_8824802d.png" alt="pic_8824802d.png"></p>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_e8353aa9.png" alt="pic_e8353aa9.png"></p>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_cf127d9c.png" alt="pic_cf127d9c.png"></p>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_054c03d2.png" alt="pic_054c03d2.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>创建好后直接执行测试一下，然后取日志里看是否正常，如果一切正常，那就大功告成了！</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="https://api.smain.cn/pics/pic_2ae276db.png" alt="pic_2ae276db.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>最后再次声明一下，如果没有预约成功，请你在调试的时候一定要检查清楚代码的逻辑后再运行！不要短时间内多次访问服务器！否则有可能被检测到然后封禁！</p>
</blockquote>
</article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta"><i class="fas fa-circle-user fa-fw"></i>文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://ywj-ch.github.io">爱吃薯片的熊猫</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta"><i class="fas fa-square-arrow-up-right fa-fw"></i>文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://ywj-ch.github.io/2025/01/04/%E7%94%A8Python%E4%B8%8EFiddler%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E5%BA%A7%E4%BD%8D%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E9%A2%84%E7%BA%A6%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB/">https://ywj-ch.github.io/2025/01/04/%E7%94%A8Python%E4%B8%8EFiddler%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E5%BA%A7%E4%BD%8D%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E9%A2%84%E7%BA%A6%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta"><i class="fas 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和 MySQL 时遇到的一些问题，主要是由于镜像源未配置正确，导致无法顺利下载所需的依赖包。下面将介绍在安装过程中遇到的困难，并分享如何通过配置合适的镜像源来解决这些问题，从而顺利完成 Docker 和 MySQL 的安装，希望能够帮到有需要的人。  一、安装准备 系统版本：CentOS 7 先安装 yum：  yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2   执行之前先配置一下镜像源，输入以下命令进入配置文件：  vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo   再将 mirrorlist 注释掉然后将 baseurl 改为阿里云镜像，然后保存退出    一定要将 mirrorlist 注释掉！不然还是会直接访问官方源导致下载失败！   输入下面的命令检验是否安装成功：    当然不排除网络问题，可以先用 ping 命令测试一下网络是否连通：    只要网络连通，并且配置文件修改无误就肯定能安装成功。  二、安装...</div></div></div></a></nav></div><div class="aside-content" id="aside-content"><div class="card-widget card-info text-center"><div class="avatar-img"><img src="/img/loading.gif" data-original="/img/butterfly-icon.png" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/friend_404.gif'" alt="avatar"/></div><div class="author-info-name">爱吃薯片的熊猫</div><div class="author-info-description">Dream big Work hard Stay focused</div><div class="site-data"><a href="/archives/"><div class="headline">文章</div><div class="length-num">6</div></a><a 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class="toc-percentage"></span></div><div class="toc-content"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%80%E3%80%81%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">一、需求分析</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BA%8C%E3%80%81%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">二、开发工具准备</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#1%E3%80%81%E9%A6%96%E5%85%88%E5%85%88%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%A5%BD-Python"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">1、首先先安装好 Python</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#2%E3%80%81%E7%84%B6%E5%90%8E%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B-Python-requests-%E5%BA%93%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">2、然后介绍一下 Python requests 库：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#3%E3%80%81%E4%B8%8B%E9%9D%A2%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E8%BF%99%E6%AC%A1%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-fidder"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">3、下面介绍这次的关键抓包工具 fidder</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">三、功能实现</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#1%E3%80%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E9%A2%84%E7%BA%A6%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E5%B9%B6%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%8A%93%E5%8C%85%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE"><span class="toc-number">3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">1、执行预约流程并分析抓包数据</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#2%E3%80%81%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%9F%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82"><span class="toc-number">3.2.</span> <span 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